这届10后的孩子想和我们谈谈死亡
继00后设计了一堂性教育课(点击查看)之后,
10后又开启了一堂死亡教育课。
最近,几名10后小朋友谈论死亡的视频在微博引起热议,话题#10后小朋友谈死亡教育#随即冲上热搜。
A video of primary schoolers talking about death and death education recently went viral on Chinese social media platforms. The kids appearing in the video, mostly around 9, expressed some really deep thoughts on the topic, one of the biggest taboos in Chinese culture.
小朋友们一个个稚气未脱,但聊起死亡来,俨然都是哲学家。
“死亡就是把你喜欢的人从你身边夺走,
这很残忍。”
"Death deprives your loved ones from you. It's cruel."
“死亡其实就是给你圆满或者不圆满的一生,做一个结束。”
"Death gives a closure to your entire life, be it perfect or not."
“如果你觉得死亡很不快乐的话,没有死怎会有生。
我们谈论死亡,是为了能让我们更珍惜今天。”
"There's no life without death. We talk about death, so we know better how to live."
“未知死,焉知死。”
"Since you don't know when death is going to come, what's the point talking about it?"
在我们所习惯的中国文化中,死亡是种禁忌,尤其小孩子绝对说不得。但这些10后的小朋友让我们看到,从小透彻地直面这些话题,实际上为孩子心智的成长提供了更加健康的可能。
绝大多数网友都赞叹孩子们的通透,并支持死亡教育的推广。
也有网友指出,除了死亡教育,性教育和法治教育同样重要。
还有一些网友表达了不同的看法。
Most social media users in the heated discussion thought it positive that the kids are having such profound and thorough views towards life and death, and they strongly support the idea of death education. Some listed education about sex and the law as equally important.
A few opposing views exist as well, indicating that an early understanding of death may lead to a negative outlook on life, and that "living every days as your last day" leaves no room for ambitious future prospects.
死亡教育就是生命教育
正视死亡,其实是为了更尊重生命。
在今年两会期间,全国人大代表、北京大学肿瘤医院主任医师顾晋公开倡议对全民开展死亡教育就曾成为热议话题。
在采访中,顾晋谈到社会上许多青少年因为一点小事就轻生:“使我们感觉到对生死的概念,对生命的尊重,在我们的教育方面还是有一定的欠缺。”
“应该从中小学生开始做死亡的教育,让人们尊重死亡,尊重生命——活着的时候很精彩,去世的时候要有尊严。”
During this year's Two Sessions, Gu Jin, a physician and legislator, suggested that nationwide death education should start in primary schools. "Live a spectacular life, die with dignity."
CGTN visited Peking University Shougang Hospital and interviewed Gu Jin as well as some patients with terminal illnesses. Gu in the interview strengthened the significance of death education.
近期,CGTN在北京大学首钢医院采访了顾晋和一些处于重症晚期的患者。在采访中,顾晋再次提到了死亡教育的意义。
北京大学于2017年开始开设“死亡的社会学思考”课程,其主讲老师陆杰华教授在接受媒体专访时谈到,西方的死亡社会学一共关注三个议题:死亡、临终、和丧亲。
这三个方面结合起来,基本涵盖了人在整个生命周期中与死亡能够发生的不同关系。
而这也是理想的死亡教育所应该覆盖的。
In an interview with local media, Peking University's sociology professor, Lu Jiehua, clarified that in the Western academic world the sociological study on death is called "Sociology of Death, Dying and Bereavement", covering all three aspects in which a person might encounter death.
While he is teaching a course on it in the university, he pointed out that death education should be present during the entire life cycle; starting in college is a bit late.
由于互联网和文艺作品的存在,我们不必真的经历死亡,也可以更近地观察和感受人生终点的意义,还可以开展与之相关的自我教育。
比如近两年广受关注的纪录片《人间世》,就通过对医院和病人的观察,表现了生命的脆弱与珍贵。
Poster of "Life Matters"
黑泽明导演的电影《生之欲》,讲述了一个人在得知自己命不久矣后发生的改变和对生命全新的认识。
Poster of "Ikiru"
美国导演Frederick Wiseman曾经拍摄过一部长达6个小时的纪录片,记录临近死亡的人们生前的时刻。
Poster of "Near Death"
正是这样不加矫饰的直面死亡,才让我们对生命有更多的敬畏之心。
类似对日常生命中的死亡进行探讨的作品还有《阳光小美女》、《死于明日》等等。
Poster of "Little Miss Sunshine"
Poster of "Die Tomorrow"
虽然有无数探讨死亡的作品可以让我们受到启发,但青少年在心智尚未成熟时,需要的是更恰当的引导。
这也是为什么在信息过载且极易获取的今天,我们更加需要死亡教育。
Countless great works are just at our hand to inspire our thinking on life and death, such as Akira Kurosawa's Ikiru, Frederick Wiseman's Near Death, and the award-winning Little Miss Sunshine. However, without appropriate guidance, kids and teens can be easily misled. That probably explains why with an overload of easily accessible information, the call for proper death education is more urgent than ever.
最后,我们不妨来玩两个小游戏:
1
设想一下,当你坐在一架已经完全失去动力、只能滑翔极短时间的飞机上,空姐发给你半张纸和一枝笔,供你写下最后的遗言,你将写下什么?
2
如果写完了上面的半张纸,不妨再设想一下,如果要为自己撰写墓志铭,你希望可以写下什么?
正如《心灵7游戏》一书所言:
“长的是生命,短的是年轻,
所有面向死亡的修行,都是为了更好地活着。”
你认为我们需要什么样的死亡教育?